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Theoretical sampling

Concept

  • Developed in the context of Grounded Theory for the selection of research units: These are supposed to be generally not selected according to their representativeness but according to whether they are suitable for extending the knowledge of the given research item.
  • Sampling is based on concepts that have a proven theoretical relevance for the theory that is to be developed.

  • One central attribute is the forgoing of a previously determined selection plan in favor of a step-by-step, simulative development of a sample according to a iteratively developed theory in the research process.

  • The sample can be continuously extended according to the expected attributes that appear to be gaining importance for the theory. As a consequence, the depth of the focus increases.

  • Flexibility is necessary at all times. Also research areas that were previously not foreseen or planned have to be taken in to consideration.

  • Theoretical sampling assumes that researchers know where their attention should be focused (theoretical sensitivity).

Discussion